What is a Blood Clot in the Brain?
A blood clot in the brain, also known as cerebral thrombosis or cerebral embolism, is a life-threatening condition that occurs when a clot obstructs the blood flow to the brain. These clots can either originate in the brain (thrombotic stroke) or travel from another part of the body (embolic stroke).
The severity of the condition depends on the size and location of the clot, and it can result in serious complications if left untreated. As the condition progresses, the survival rate due to blood clots in the brain also declines. The overall survival rate for ischemic strokes (caused by clots) is around 70-80%, with a better prognosis if treated early. However, severe cases or delayed treatment can lead to permanent disability or death.
Therefore, it is significant to understand the importance of early detection and effective management. In this blog, we will explore the symptoms of a blood clot in the brain and the available treatment options. Please note that this blog is for informational purposes only and it is always best to consult the doctor if you are experiencing any signs associated with blood clots in the brain.
How to Know if You Have Blood Clots in Brain?
Symptoms of blood clots in brain occur due to the disruption of blood flow in the brain. When there is not enough oxygen in the brain cells, their function declines rapidly, causing noticeable neurological deficits. Early recognition of symptoms and timely medical consultation can help prevent long-term complications such as brain damage or even death. Common symptoms of blood clots in the brain include:
Patients often describe severe headaches due to blood clots in brain as the worst headache of one's life
Many patients can have speech issues including slurred or incoherent speech
Blood clots in brain can cause blurred or double vision or even sudden vision loss
Depending on the location of the blood clot, it could cause acute paralysis in certain areas of the body, often affecting one side of the body.
Dizziness and loss of balance
Patients may experience light-headedness or even fainting and also have difficulty walking.
Due to the increased size of blood clots in the brain, patients may experience difficulty understanding or responding appropriately.
Patients may experience uncontrollable shaking or tremors which can be minor in the beginning but can progress intensely as the blockage gets worse.
How Does Blood Clot Occur in the Brain?
A blood clot in the brain forms when blood thickens and clumps together, obstructing normal blood circulation. This blockage can lead to a stroke, causing damage to brain cells due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients. Several factors contribute to the formation of a blood clot in the brain. Understanding these risk factors allows for better prevention strategies. Common reasons for blood clots in the brain include:
The buildup of plaque in the arteries leads to narrowing and clot formation.
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Increases the risk of blood vessel damage and clot formation.
An irregular heartbeat can cause clots to form in the heart and travel to the brain.
Trauma to the brain can lead to internal bleeding and clot formation.
Obesity and Sedentary Lifestyle
Increases the likelihood of clot formation due to poor circulation.
Smoking and Alcohol Consumption
It damages blood vessels, increasing the risk of clot development.
Genetic and Blood Disorders
Conditions like Factor V Leiden mutation and antiphospholipid syndrome contribute to abnormal clotting.
How are Blood Clots in the Brain Diagnosed?
Diagnosing a blood clot in the brain requires a series of medical tests and imaging techniques. Since symptoms often mimic other neurological conditions, accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment. Doctors recommend several advanced tools to determine the presence, location, and severity of the clot. Early diagnosis can prevent complications and improve recovery outcomes. Doctors may recommend the following to confirm the presence of a clot in the brain:
CT Scan (Computed Tomography)
Provides a detailed image of the brain to detect clots or bleeding.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
This technology uses magnetic waves to create highly detailed images of the brain.
This test involves injecting a contrast dye to highlight blood vessels and detect blockages.
It checks blood flow in the carotid arteries, which supply blood to the brain.
Measures clotting factors, cholesterol levels, and other risk markers.
How are Blood Clots in the Brain Treated?
Treatment for a blood clot in the brain depends on the severity, location, and underlying cause. The main approaches include:
Medications
Medications are often the first line of treatment for blood clots in brain, especially if diagnosed early. Doctors prescribe medicines to dissolve the clot, prevent new clots from forming, and reduce the risk of further complications. The choice of medication depends on the patient’s health and the size and location of the clot. Medicines for blood clot treatment in the brain include:
Thrombolytics (Clot-busting drugs)
Medicines such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), are administered within a few hours of stroke.
Anticoagulants (Blood thinners)
The doctor may prescribe warfarin, heparin, or newer anticoagulants like apixaban and rivaroxaban to prevent further clotting.
Medications such as Aspirin or clopidogrel reduce the risk of future clots.
Surgical Procedures
The neurosurgeon recommends several methods for the treatment of blood clots in the brain depending on the type, severity, and location of the brain clot. The treatment aims to restore blood flow in the brain and minimize brain damage. Neurosurgeons may also recommend burr hole drainage or craniotomy to remove blood clots and relieve pressure. The procedures use mesh-equipped devices.
Thrombectomy or Brain Blood Clot Surgery is minimally invasive procedure where a catheter is inserted through the groin to physically remove the clot. This is most effective when performed within the first 6-8 hours since the first appearance of the signs or symptoms.
A surgical procedure that removes plaque buildup from the carotid artery, thereby reducing the risk of future clots and improving blood flow.
The neurosurgeon uses stents which are small tubes that are inserted into the artery to keep it open and prevent further clot formation.
In rare cases, an alternative route for blood flow is created to bypass the blocked artery and restore circulation.
Prevention of Blood Clots in the Brain
Preventing a blood clot in the brain involves managing risk factors and making lifestyle changes to improve overall vascular health. It is important to understand the causes and inculcate preventive measures to reduce the risk of blood clots.
Early detection and proactive healthcare can also play a crucial role in preventing severe complications. Key strategies include maintaining a healthy diet, staying physically active, and managing chronic conditions like hypertension and diabetes. Key measures include:
Staying physically active can improve circulation and reduce clot risk.
Encouraging a balanced diet is important for long-term health benefits which include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids.
Avoid Smoking and Alcohol
Reduces blood vessel damage and clotting risks.
Manage Chronic Conditions
It is important to manage symptoms of chronic illness which include keeping blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes in check.
Staying hydrated is the key. It prevents blood from thickening and forming clots.
Artemis Hospitals, Gurgaon Offers Advanced Treatment For Brain Blood Clot
A blood clot in the brain is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate attention. Recognizing early symptoms, seeking prompt treatment, and adopting preventive measures can significantly improve survival and reduce complications. If you or someone you know experiences symptoms of a blood clot in the brain, seek medical help immediately to ensure the best possible outcome.
Artemis Hospitals’ medical team has some of the best neuro physicians and neurologists in Gurgaon, with years of experience in diagnosing and treating a broad range of neurological conditions. From managing migraines and epilepsy to addressing complex disorders such as brain tumours and blood clots in brain, our experts consistently deliver exceptional outcomes personalized to individual needs.
To book an appointment with a Neurologist at Artemis Hospitals, call our customer care at +91-124-451-1111 or WhatsApp us at +91 9599285476. You can also schedule an appointment through our online patient portal or download and register on the Artemis Personal Health Record mobile app, available for both iOS and Android devices.
Frequently Asked Questions
How to remove blood clots in the brain without surgery?
Non-invasive treatments can help manage brain clots in brain symptoms which include:
Medications such as blood thinners and thrombolytics can help dissolve the clot.
Lifestyle Modifications include regular exercise, a healthy diet, and quitting smoking to reduce clot formation risks.
Compression Therapy can help improve circulation and prevent further clot development.
Can a blood clot in the brain go away on its own?
In some cases, small clots may dissolve naturally, but medical treatment is usually required to prevent complications.
What is the fastest way to treat a blood clot in the brain?
Thrombolytic therapy (clot-busting drugs) within the first few hours is the quickest and most effective treatment.
Are there natural remedies for preventing blood clots?
Yes, a healthy diet, regular exercise, staying hydrated, and avoiding smoking can help prevent clot formation.
What happens if a blood clot in the brain is left untreated?
Untreated blood clots in the brain can lead to complications such as stroke, brain damage, permanent disability, or even death.
Is aspirin effective in preventing blood clots in the brain?
Yes, aspirin is commonly used as a preventive measure for those at risk of stroke.
