Colorectal Cancer Treatment in Gurgaon, India
What is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer treatment plays a crucial role in managing and potentially curing this common yet serious disease. Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the colon (large intestine) or rectum, both of which are parts of the digestive tract. It often begins as small, benign (noncancerous) growths called polyps that form on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. While these polyps may not initially cause symptoms, some can gradually develop into cancer over time if left untreated.Early diagnosis is key. When colorectal cancer is detected in its early stages often through routine screenings like colonoscopies it is much easier to treat and has a significantly higher survival rate. Common options for colorectal cancer treatment include surgery to remove cancerous tissues, chemotherapy to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells, and radiation therapy, especially in rectal cancers. In some cases, targeted therapy and immunotherapy may also be recommended based on the cancer’s genetic profile.
What are the Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer often develops slowly and may not show any signs in the early stages. That’s why regular screening is important. As the disease progresses, it can lead to noticeable symptoms that affect your daily life. Here’s a closer look at the common warning signs:
Changes in Bowel Habits
This is often the first noticeable symptom. You may experience:
Persistent diarrhea or loose stools
Constipation that doesn’t improve with diet or medicine
A narrower stool than usual (like pencil-thin)
Sudden urges to have a bowel movement
These changes may come and go, but if they last more than a few days, it's time to talk to your doctor.
Blood in the Stool or Rectal Bleeding
Bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl
Dark or tar-like stool (a sign of older blood)
Many people mistake this for haemorrhoids, but persistent rectal bleeding should never be ignored.
Ongoing Stomach Pain or Cramps
People with colorectal cancer often complain of:
Cramping or pain in the lower abdomen
A feeling of fullness, bloating, or gas that doesn’t go away
Discomfort after eating even small meals
These symptoms might signal a blockage or tumor in the colon or rectum.
Unexplained Weight Loss
Losing weight without trying could be a red flag. Cancer cells use up the body’s energy, and tumours in the colon can interfere with digestion and nutrient absorption.
Fatigue or Weakness
Even with enough rest, you might feel extremely tired. This happens because:
Feeling That Your Bowel Doesn’t Empty Completely
After using the bathroom, you may still feel like:
You didn’t pass all your stool
There’s pressure in your rectum
You need to keep pushing but nothing comes out
What Causes Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer doesn’t usually have one single cause. Instead, it develops due to a mix of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors that increase your risk over time. Understanding these risk factors can help you take steps toward prevention and early detection.Let’s look at the most common causes and risk factors:
Age Over 50
Most people diagnosed with colorectal cancer are over the age of 50. As we age, the cells in our body go through more changes and have more chances to become cancerous. While younger people can get colorectal cancer, the risk increases significantly with age, especially if screenings are delayed.
Family History of Colorectal Cancer or Polyps
If you have a parent, sibling, or close relative who had colorectal cancer or polyps, your risk is higher. This could be due to inherited genes or shared family lifestyle habits. Some people may have inherited conditions like familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or Lynch syndrome, which greatly raise the risk of colorectal cancer.
Diet High in Red or Processed Meats
Eating a lot of red meat (like beef, pork, or lamb) and processed meats (like sausages, bacon, and deli meats) has been linked to colorectal cancer. Cooking meat at high temperatures (grilling or frying) can also produce chemicals that may increase cancer risk.
Low Fiber Intake
A diet low in fibre and high in fat may contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. Fiber helps move waste through your digestive tract and keeps your gut healthy. Not getting enough can slow down digestion and increase the chances of harmful substances lingering in your colon.
Lack of Physical Activity
A sedentary lifestyle can raise your risk of colorectal cancer. Regular physical activity helps with digestion, boosts your immune system, and keeps your weight in check—all of which play a role in cancer prevention.
Smoking and Heavy Alcohol Use
Long-term smoking is linked to many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Harmful chemicals in tobacco can damage cells in the colon and rectum. Likewise, drinking alcohol in excess can irritate the lining of the digestive tract and increase cancer risk, especially when combined with smoking.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD)
Conditions like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis cause long-term inflammation in the colon. Over time, this chronic irritation can damage the cells in the lining of the colon and lead to cancer. People with IBD may need more frequent colon screenings.
Risk Factors:
Obesity: Being overweight is linked to a higher risk, especially for men.
Type 2 Diabetes: People with diabetes are more likely to develop colorectal cancer.
Personal history of polyps: If you’ve had polyps removed in the past, you may still be at risk for new ones forming.
What are the Different Stages of Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer is typically divided into these stages:
Stage 0 (Carcinoma in Situ)
This is the earliest stage, where abnormal cells are found only in the inner lining of the colon or rectum. It hasn’t spread deeper, making it highly treatable with simple procedures like polyp removal.
Stage I
The cancer has grown into the deeper layers of the colon or rectal wall but hasn't reached nearby lymph nodes or other organs. Surgery is often enough at this stage for a full recovery.
Stage II
The tumor has spread through the wall of the colon or rectum but hasn’t yet reached the lymph nodes. Treatment may involve surgery followed by chemotherapy, depending on the risk of recurrence.
Stage III
At this stage, the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes but not to distant body parts. Treatment usually involves surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation to kill remaining cancer cells.
Stage IV (Metastatic)
The cancer has spread to distant organs like the liver, lungs, or bones. Treatment focuses on controlling the disease using chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and possibly surgery for symptom relief or prolonging life.
When Should I Consult the Doctor for Colorectal Cancer?
Many early cases of colorectal cancer don’t cause any noticeable symptoms. That’s why knowing the warning signs and going for regular screenings can make a huge difference in catching the disease early when it’s most treatable. You should see a doctor as soon as possible if you notice any of the following:
If you see bright red blood in the toilet, on toilet paper, or have dark or tarry stools, don’t ignore it. While it could be something less serious like hemorrhoids, it could also be a sign of bleeding from a tumor in your colon or rectum.
Ongoing Changes in Bowel Movements
Any persistent change in how your bowels function—such as long-term constipation, diarrhea, or a noticeable narrowing of your stool should be checked by a doctor. If these changes last more than a few days, they could signal a deeper problem.
Persistent Stomach Pain or Bloating
Don’t dismiss frequent abdominal cramps, bloating, gas, or a feeling of fullness. These symptoms may result from a tumor partially blocking your intestine, especially if they don’t go away after dietary changes or over-the-counter remedies.
Unexplained Weight Loss or Constant Fatigue
If you're losing weight without trying, or feel extremely tired and weak, it may be due to your body working overtime to fight off cancer. Fatigue can also result from blood loss or poor absorption of nutrients due to a growing tumor.
Feeling Like Your Bowel Doesn’t Empty Completely
If you often feel like you still need to "go" even after having a bowel movement, it may be a sign that a tumor is pressing against your rectum or causing a blockage.
If You Are Over 50 or Have a Family History
Even without symptoms, you should start routine screening around age 45–50, or earlier if you have a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps. Colonoscopies and other screening tools can detect and remove precancerous growths before they turn into cancer.
How is Colorectal Cancer Diagnosed?
Doctors use a combination of tests to detect colorectal cancer, confirm the diagnosis, and determine how far the disease has spread. Early detection through screening can catch cancer before symptoms even appear greatly improving treatment success. Here are the key diagnostic methods used:
Colonoscopy
This is the main and most accurate test for diagnosing colorectal cancer. A doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube with a camera into your rectum to carefully examine the entire colon. If they see anything unusual like polyps (small growths) or suspicious tissues they can remove them right away for testing. Colonoscopy not only helps detect cancer early but also prevents it by removing pre-cancerous polyps before they turn into cancer.
Biopsy
If a suspicious growth or polyp is found during a colonoscopy, a biopsy is done. This involves taking a small tissue sample and examining it under a microscope to see if cancer cells are present. A biopsy is the only way to confirm a cancer diagnosis with certainty.
Imaging Tests (CT or MRI Scans)
Once cancer is diagnosed, doctors use CT (computed tomography) or MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans to see if the cancer has spread beyond the colon or rectum. These tests provide detailed pictures of your abdomen, chest, and pelvis to check for metastasis (spread to organs like the liver or lungs). This information helps stage the cancer and plan treatment accordingly.
Blood Tests (Including CEA Levels)
Doctors may also order blood tests to check your overall health and detect tumor markers. One such marker is CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) a protein sometimes produced by colorectal cancer. While not used for diagnosing cancer alone, rising CEA levels during or after treatment can signal that the cancer is not responding well or may have returned.
What are the Treatment Methods for Colorectal Cancer?
Treating colorectal cancer depends on how advanced the cancer is (stage), its location (colon or rectum), your overall health, and personal preferences. Doctors often use a combination of treatments to give the best results. Here's a breakdown of the most common treatment options:
Surgery (Removing the Cancer):
Surgery is often the primary treatment for early-stage colorectal cancer. If the cancer is detected at a very early stage and appears as a small polyp, doctors may remove it during a colonoscopy in a procedure called a polypectomy or local excision. For larger or deeper tumors, a partial colectomy may be necessary—this involves removing the section of the colon or rectum containing the cancer and then reconnecting the remaining healthy parts. In some cases where reconnection isn’t immediately possible, a colostomy may be required. This creates a temporary or permanent opening in the abdomen to allow stool to exit the body into a special bag.
Chemotherapy:
Chemotherapy involves using powerful medications to destroy cancer cells or stop them from dividing. It may be given before surgery (called neoadjuvant therapy) to shrink tumors and make them easier to remove, or after surgery (adjuvant therapy) to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. For patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer, chemotherapy can help slow the disease and manage symptoms. Common drugs include 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), Capecitabine (Xeloda), Oxaliplatin, and Irinotecan. While side effects like fatigue, nausea, mouth sores, hair thinning, and weakened immunity can occur, supportive care and medications can help manage them effectively.
Radiation Therapy:
Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams (like X-rays) to destroy cancer cells in a targeted area. This treatment is especially useful for rectal cancer, either before surgery to shrink the tumor or after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence. In more advanced cases, radiation may be used to relieve pain or other symptoms caused by the cancer. It is often combined with chemotherapy for better results, especially in rectal cancer, and is carefully planned to minimize damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
Targeted Therapy:
Targeted therapy is a more precise form of treatment that focuses on specific molecules or genetic features that cancer cells use to grow and survive. Unlike chemotherapy, which affects all rapidly dividing cells, targeted therapy zeroes in on cancer-specific proteins or receptors. Common drugs used in colorectal cancer include Bevacizumab (Avastin), which blocks blood vessel growth to the tumor, and Cetuximab (Erbitux) and Panitumumab (Vectibix), which block certain cell surface receptors involved in cancer cell growth. These treatments may be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy, especially for advanced or metastatic cancer. Side effects are usually different from standard chemotherapy and may include skin rash, high blood pressure, or problems with wound healing.
Immunotherapy:
Immunotherapy helps your body’s immune system detect and attack cancer cells more effectively. It is typically reserved for colorectal cancers that have specific genetic mutations such as microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) which make the cancer more visible to the immune system. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, like Pembrolizumab or Nivolumab, are commonly used in such cases.
These drugs work by “unblocking” the immune system so it can better recognise and destroy cancer cells. While immunotherapy may not work for all types of colorectal cancer, it has shown promising results in patients with these genetic markers. Potential side effects include fatigue, inflammation of organs (like the lungs or colon), and skin reactions, but they are usually manageable with medical support.
Clinical Trial
You may also consider joining a clinical trial, where new treatments are tested. This can give access to the latest therapies before they become widely available
Supportive and Palliative Care
If the cancer is advanced, treatments may focus on improving quality of life and managing pain, bowel issues, or fatigue.
Recovery Tips After Colorectal Cancer Treatment:
Finishing treatment for colorectal cancer is a big milestone, but recovery doesn’t stop there. Your body and mind need time to heal. These practical tips can help you regain strength, manage side effects, and stay on track with your health:
1. Stay Active
Even light physical activity like walking, stretching, or yoga can boost your energy, reduce fatigue, and improve your mood. Exercise also helps regulate bowel movements and supports your immune system. Start slowly and increase your activity based on your strength and how you feel always with your doctor’s guidance.
2. Eat a Balanced, Fiber-Rich Diet
After treatment, your digestive system may be more sensitive, so focus on a gentle, nutritious diet.
Include fiber-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to support healthy digestion.
Stay hydrated and eat smaller, more frequent meals if your appetite is low.
Avoid heavy, fried, or spicy foods if they upset your stomach. Ask a dietitian for a personalized meal plan that meets your recovery needs.
3. Don’t Skip Follow-Up Appointments
Regular check-ups are essential to monitor your recovery, detect any signs of recurrence early, and manage side effects. Follow-up care may include blood tests (like CEA levels), colonoscopies, or imaging scans depending on your cancer stage and treatment history. Stay informed about your medical schedule and report any new or unusual symptoms promptly.
4. Manage Side Effects
It’s common to have lingering effects like fatigue, bowel changes, or nerve pain (especially if you had chemotherapy).
Keep a symptom diary and share it with your doctor.
Medications, dietary changes, or physical therapy may help reduce discomfort.
Never ignore persistent symptoms—timely treatment can ease your recovery.
5. Get Emotional and Mental Health Support
Recovering from cancer is not just physical, it's emotional too. You might feel anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed at times.
Talking to a counselor or therapist can help you process your feelings.
Joining a cancer support group connects you with others who understand your journey.
Lean on family and friends—they want to help, so don’t hesitate to ask.
How Can I Prevent Colorectal Cancer?
While not all cases of colorectal cancer can be prevented, many lifestyle changes and regular screenings can significantly lower your risk. Prevention is about making healthier choices and being proactive with your health. Here's how:
1. Get Regular Colonoscopy Screenings
One of the most effective ways to prevent colorectal cancer is by getting screened regularly, especially once you reach age 45–50 or earlier if you have a family history. A colonoscopy allows doctors to spot and remove polyps (precancerous growths) before they turn into cancer. Early detection through screening saves lives, even when there are no symptoms.
2. Eat a High-Fiber, Plant-Based Diet
A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes helps keep your digestive system healthy.
Fiber helps move waste through your intestines and may reduce inflammation in the colon.
Choose colorful veggies, berries, leafy greens, and nuts for added antioxidants and nutrients. Limit foods high in sugar and fat, which may increase risk.
3. Cut Down on Red and Processed Meats
Eating large amounts of red meat (beef, pork, lamb) and processed meats (like bacon, sausages, and deli meats) has been linked to a higher risk of colorectal cancer. Try replacing these with lean proteins like fish, chicken, eggs, or plant-based options like beans and tofu. Also, cooking methods matter, grilling and charring meats may create harmful chemicals.
4. Stay Physically Active
Exercise doesn’t just help with weight management—it also reduces inflammation, boosts your immune system, and improves colon health. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity (like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming) on most days of the week. Even short, regular movements throughout the day can make a difference.
5. Avoid Smoking and Limit Alcohol
Smoking increases the risk of many cancers, including colorectal cancer. If you smoke, quitting can greatly reduce your risk over time.
Heavy alcohol use is also a risk factor. Keep your intake moderate one drink per day for women, two for men, or less.
6. Maintain a Healthy Weight
Being overweight, especially carrying extra fat around the waist, increases the risk of colorectal cancer.
Focus on gradual, long-term weight loss through diet and exercise.
Talk to your doctor or a dietitian if you need help creating a sustainable plan.
Why Choose Artemis Hospital for Colorectal Cancer Treatment in Gurgaon?
Artemis Hospital in Gurgaon is a trusted name in cancer care, offering world-class facilities, advanced diagnostics, and a multidisciplinary team approach to managing colorectal cancer. Here's why patients choose Artemis:
Expert Oncologists & Gastrointestinal Surgeons: Our team includes highly experienced specialists in gastrointestinal oncology and colorectal surgery.
Advanced Technology: We use cutting-edge diagnostic tools (like high-resolution colonoscopy, PET-CT, and MRI) and offer modern treatment options such as laparoscopic and robotic surgeries, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Comprehensive Care: From diagnosis to recovery, patients receive support from oncologists, dietitians, physiotherapists, and counselors.
Personalized Treatment Plans: Each patient receives a tailored approach based on cancer stage, type, and overall health.
Comfortable & Safe Environment: With state-of-the-art infrastructure and excellent infection control, we prioritize patient safety and comfort.
and fast treatment.
To book an appointment with some of the best oncologists in Gurgaon at Artemis Hospitals, call our customer care at +91-124-451-1111 or WhatsApp us at +91 959-928-5476. Appointments can also be scheduled through the online patient portal or by downloading the Artemis Personal Health Record mobile app, available on both iOS and Android devices.
Reviewed By Dr. Priya Tiwari
Head - Medical Oncology
Artemis Hospitals
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is colorectal cancer contagious?
No, colorectal cancer is not contagious. It cannot be passed from person to person through contact or sharing food. However, family history may increase your risk, so screenings are important if you have a close relative with the disease.
How long does recovery take after colorectal cancer treatment?
Recovery varies depending on the stage of cancer and type of treatment. Some patients feel better in a few weeks after surgery, while others undergoing chemotherapy or radiation may need several months. Most people gradually return to normal activities with proper care and follow-up.
Can colorectal cancer come back after treatment?
Yes, colorectal cancer can recur in some cases. That’s why regular follow-ups, scans, and blood tests (like CEA levels) are crucial even after successful treatment. Early detection of recurrence improves treatment outcomes.
Can children get colorectal cancer?
Colorectal cancer in children is very rare, but it can happen. Genetic conditions like familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or Lynch syndrome increase the risk. Early diagnosis and specialized care are essential in such rare pediatric cases.
Is colorectal cancer life-threatening?
If detected late, colorectal cancer can spread to other organs and become life-threatening. However, when diagnosed early and treated effectively, the survival rate is very high. Many patients live healthy, cancer-free lives after treatment.
Who is the best doctor near me for colorectal cancer treatment?
At Artemis Hospitals, Gurgaon, you’ll find top oncologists, gastrointestinal surgeons, and radiologists with years of experience in treating colorectal cancer. Our multidisciplinary team ensures every patient gets expert, coordinated care.
Which is the best hospital for colorectal cancer treatment in Gurgaon?
Artemis Hospital is recognized as one of the best hospitals in Gurgaon for cancer care, with a full range of services including early detection, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and supportive care all under one roof.
What factors affect colorectal cancer treatment cost in Gurgaon?
The treatment cost depends on:
Stage and type of cancer
Type of surgery (open, laparoscopic, or robotic)
Hospital stay and medications
Whether chemotherapy, radiation, or targeted therapy is needed
Diagnostic tests and follow-up care
To get a personalized estimate, book a consultation at Artemis Hospitals.
Whom should I consult for colorectal cancer treatment in Gurgaon?
You should consult a gastrointestinal oncologist or surgical oncologist. At Artemis Hospital, our experts in oncology, colorectal surgery, and cancer nutrition collaborate to offer a full-circle care plan from diagnosis to recovery.
Why is early diagnosis of colorectal cancer important?
Early diagnosis makes treatment easier and more effective. Stage 1 colorectal cancers can often be completely removed with surgery, while later stages may need more aggressive treatments like chemotherapy or radiation.
