Bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate, typically measured at less than 60 beats per minute. It can be normal in athletes or during sleep, but sometimes it signals a heart problem or other health issue. Symptoms may include fatigue, dizziness, chest pain, fainting, or shortness of breath, though not everyone with bradycardia experiences them.
If you or a loved one shows symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and testing. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is the primary test used—it records the heart’s electrical activity and helps identify abnormal rhythms, including bradycardia. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity, and in some cases, a pacemaker may be necessary.
How Does Bradycardia Impact Lifestyle and What Causes It?
Bradycardia can arise from various causes and may significantly affect daily life. Common reasons include:
- Heart’s electrical system issues (delayed or blocked signals).
- Health conditions such as hypothyroidism or sleep apnea.
- Age-related changes in the heart’s electrical pathways.
- Medications for high blood pressure or heart disease may slow the heart rate.
The condition can reduce energy levels, leading to fatigue and less physical activity, which impacts quality of life. Recognising and addressing these factors with medical guidance helps manage the condition effectively.
How to Identify Bradycardia and Its Symptoms?
A slow heart rate can limit blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body, causing:
- Tiredness or weakness (less oxygen reaching organs).
- Dizziness or light-headedness (reduced blood flow to the brain).
- Shortness of breath even while resting (heart struggles to maintain oxygen levels).
- Chest discomfort or pain (insufficient blood supply to heart muscles).
Seek medical attention for serious symptoms like fainting, severe chest pain, or persistent dizziness.
What are the Different Tests to Diagnose Bradycardia?
An ECG (electrocardiogram) is the key test for diagnosing bradycardia. Electrodes placed on the chest, arms, and legs record the heart’s electrical signals, shown as wave patterns on a graph. A consistent heart rate below 60 beats per minute indicates bradycardia. The ECG also helps determine possible causes, such as conduction problems or medication effects.
During the ECG test, you'll first change into a hospital gown to expose your chest. You may also be asked to remove any jewellery that could interfere with the test. Then, you'll lie flat on an examining table, ensuring that you're relaxed and still. The technician will prepare your skin by cleaning the areas where electrodes will be placed, and if necessary, they might trim any excessive body hair to ensure a good connection.
Next, small sticky patches called electrodes will be attached to your body, 4 on your limbs and 6 across your chest. Wires connected to these electrodes will lead to the ECG machine, which records the electrical activity of your heart. Once everything is set up, the technician will start the machine, and you'll need to lie still and avoid talking for a few seconds to a minute as the recording takes place. This process is quick and painless.
After the recording, the technician will remove the electrodes, allowing you to get dressed again. A healthcare professional will then review the recorded data to check your heart rate, rhythm, and any abnormalities that could indicate bradycardia. This entire process ensures a thorough evaluation of your heart's electrical activity, providing valuable insights into your condition.
Bradycardia vs. Tachycardia
There are two heart conditions in which beats per minute tend to change, one is Bradycardia, and the other is Tachycardia. So, how will you differentiate these two? Both of these conditions have different symptoms and causes; let’s break down so you will know what to do under which condition.
Bradycardia | Tachycardia |
Heart Rate < 60 beats per minute | Heart Rate > 60 beats per minute |
Caused by ageing, the heart’s electrical system, medications, hypothyroidism, or high fitness levels. | Caused by stress, fever, anaemia, dehydration, overactive thyroid, heart disease, or stimulant use |
Symptoms are fatigue, dizziness, fainting, chest discomfort, or shortness of breath | Symptoms are palpitations, rapid pulse, chest pain, lightheadedness, fainting, or shortness of breath. |
Put patients at risk of inadequate blood flow to organs if severe. | It increases oxygen demand and raises the risk of complications like stroke or cardiac arrest. |
What are the Treatment Options for Bradycardia?
If bradycardia is diagnosed as irreversible and causing complications, a permanent pacemaker becomes the most effective long-term treatment. A pacemaker is a small device implanted under the skin, usually near the collarbone, with wires connected to the heart. It continuously monitors the heart’s rhythm and delivers electrical impulses when the heart beats slowly or irregularly. This helps maintain a normal and steady heart rate, ensuring adequate blood and oxygen supply throughout the body. By restoring proper rhythm, a pacemaker reduces symptoms.
Get advanced care for bradycardia from experienced heart specialists in Gurgaon
Contact us to schedule your consultation.
How to Prevent Bradycardia?
While bradycardia itself can’t always be prevented (especially if caused by aging, genetic factors, or existing heart conditions), adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle can reduce your overall risk. Here’s how:
- Regular exercise strengthens the heart muscle, improves circulation, and helps maintain a steady rhythm.
- Nutrient-rich foods support healthy blood vessels and reduce risks like high cholesterol and hypertension.
- Get yourself checked by a specialist if you face any health concerns. Early detection of rhythm changes allows timely treatment and better outcomes.
Why Choose Artemis Hospitals for Bradycardia Care?
When it comes to managing bradycardia, choosing the right hospital can make all the difference. At Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon, we combine medical expertise with advanced technology to deliver world-class cardiac care. Our team of highly experienced cardiologists and electrophysiologists specialises in diagnosing and treating complex heart rhythm disorders with precision.
Supported by state-of-the-art diagnostic tools, modern treatment facilities, and a patient-first approach, we ensure personalised care tailored to each individual’s needs. With a commitment to excellence, safety, and compassion, Artemis Hospitals stands as one of the most trusted centres for bradycardia treatment in Delhi NCR. To book an appointment, call +91 98004 00498.
Article ByDr. D K Jhamb
Chief Cardiology (Unit IV)
Artemis Hospitals
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a heart rate of 50 considered too low?
A resting heart rate below 60 beats per minute (BPM) is generally considered low, a condition known as bradycardia. However, a heart rate of 50 BPM can be normal for well-trained athletes, as their hearts are more efficient. For non-athletes, a heart rate consistently below 60 BPM, especially if accompanied by symptoms, may indicate an underlying health issue.
How can you fix bradycardia naturally?
The best approach is to address any underlying causes. Control health issues like sleep apnea, thyroid problems, or electrolyte imbalances. Lifestyle changes that can support heart health are:
- Diet: Consume foods rich in minerals like magnesium, sodium, calcium, and potassium, as well as omega-3 fatty acids and fibre. Limit stimulants such as caffeine and alcohol, and avoid high-fat, high-salt, or sugary foods.
- Exercise: Engage in moderate, regular exercise like brisk walking. Avoid strenuous activities unless cleared by a doctor.
- Quit smoking and limit alcohol: Both can affect heart rhythm and overall cardiovascular health.
Is a heart rate of 40 dangerous?
A resting heart rate between 40 and 60 BPM is common for healthy, young adults and trained athletes, and it's also normal during sleep. However, if you are not an athlete and your heart rate consistently drops to 40 BPM, it could be a sign of a health issue, especially if you experience symptoms.
What should you avoid if you have bradycardia?
If the doctor has diagnosed you with bradycardia, you should avoid the following:
- Strenuous activities
- Stimulant
- Certain foods
- Unnecessary stress
When should you worry about bradycardia?
You should worry about bradycardia and seek immediate medical attention if a slow heart rate is accompanied by symptoms such as:
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue or weakness
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Confusion or memory problems
- Fainting (syncope)
What is considered an unsafe heart rate?
An unsafe heart rate can be either too low (bradycardia) or too high (tachycardia). While a normal resting heart rate is between 60 and 100 BPM for most adults, a rate that consistently falls below 60 or goes above 100, especially with symptoms, may be a sign of an underlying problem and requires medical attention.
Can dehydration cause bradycardia?
Dehydration can lead to an electrolyte imbalance, which is a potential cause of bradycardia. Electrolytes are crucial minerals that help control the heart's rhythm.
What heart rate is associated with a stroke risk?
High resting heart rates (tachycardia), particularly those over 100 BPM, have been linked to an increased risk of stroke. This is especially true for those with pre-existing conditions like coronary artery disease and hypertension. Atrial fibrillation (A-fib), a type of tachycardia with a chaotic, irregular heart rhythm, is a significant risk factor for stroke.
Which doctor should you consult for bradycardia?
You should first consult with a general physician. For a precise diagnosis and treatment, they may refer you to a cardiologist or an electrophysiologist, who specialises in the heart's electrical system and treating arrhythmias.
Which is the nearest hospital for bradycardia treatment?
Artemis Hospitals in Gurgaon is one of the best cardiology hospitals providing bradycardia treatment. We have a team of the best cardiologists in Delhi NCR, and our advanced technology and state-of-the-art facilities ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and compassionate care for every patient.
