What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
IBS is a common disorder that affects how your gut works. It causes abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and irregular bowel movements like diarrhea, constipation, or both. IBS doesn’t damage the intestines, but it can greatly impact quality of life.
World Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Day 2025
Every year on April 19, people around the world come together to observe World IrritableBowel Syndrome (IBS) Day. We use this day to raise awareness, support people affected by IBS, and start conversations about this often misunderstood digestive disorder. World IBS Day puts a spotlight on digestive health. It helps people recognize that IBS is a real and impactful condition. By promoting better treatment options and education, we remind people living with IBS that they are not alone.
Importance of IBS Awareness Month
IBS Awareness Month gives us the opportunity to talk openly about digestive health all month long. It allows healthcare professionals, patients, and advocates to educate the public, highlight new research, and share practical tips for managing IBS. By dedicating an entire month, we create space for deeper understanding, push for improved care options, and inspire others to speak up and seek help. Through awareness campaigns, social media, and events, we bring IBS out of the shadows and into the conversation.
This year’s theme reminds us that Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) isn’t just about stomach pain or bathroom issues. It also affects how people feel about themselves, their mental health, and their daily life.
Many people with IBS feel embarrassed or stressed, and it can be hard for them to talk about it. The goal of this campaign is to:
Break the stigma around IBS
Encourage open conversations
Help others understand that IBS is a real, life-affecting condition
What are the Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
IBS symptoms can come and go, and they often vary between people. The most common ones include:
Stomach pain or cramping, especially in the lower belly
Bloating or gas
Changes in bowel habits, like:
Mucus in stool
Nausea or poor appetite
Fatigue and trouble sleeping
Feeling anxious or stressed
Because these symptoms overlap with other conditions, it’s important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis.
What are the Risk Factors of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Although the exact cause of IBS is still unknown, several factors are known to trigger or worsen its symptoms.
Stress and anxiety
Infections or changes in gut bacteria
Food intolerances
Hormonal changes, especially in women
Genetics and family history
Types of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Doctors group IBS into four main types based on the person’s symptoms:
1. IBS with Constipation (IBS-C):
People with IBS-C often experience hard, lumpy stools and infrequent bowel movements. They may also feel bloated, have stomach cramps, and strain during bowel movements.
2. IBS with Diarrhea (IBS-D):
IBS-D causes frequent, loose, or watery stools. People may feel sudden urges to go to the bathroom, along with abdominal pain and discomfort.
3. Mixed IBS (IBS-M):
IBS-M is when someone regularly has both constipation and diarrhea. Their bowel habits often shift back and forth, making it harder to manage symptoms.
4. Unclassified IBS (IBS-U):
In IBS-U, symptoms don’t clearly fall into the other three types. People may have irregular bowel patterns or discomfort that varies over time.
How Do Doctors Diagnose IBS?
Doctors usually diagnose IBS by talking to you about your symptoms and making sure nothing more serious is causing them. Since there’s no specific test for IBS, they follow a step-by-step approach:
They ask about your symptoms—like stomach pain, bloating, and changes in your bowel habits—and how long you’ve had them.
They use the Rome IV criteria, which means checking if you’ve had belly pain at least once a week for the past three months, along with changes in how often or how your stool looks.
They do a physical exam to check your overall health.
If needed, they order tests like blood work, stool tests, or a colonoscopy to rule out other problems like celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease.
Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
IBS can be managed very effectively with the right combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and support. Treatment is usually focused on relieving symptoms, improving quality of life, and reducing the impact of IBS on day-to-day activities.Because IBS affects people differently, treatment plans are often personalized, depending on the type of IBS (constipation-predominant, diarrhea-predominant, mixed, or unclassified) and the specific triggers or symptoms someone experience
Key Approaches to Managing IBS:
1. Dietary Changes
Many people with IBS benefit from adjusting their diet to avoid trigger foods.
One common and effective diet is the low-FODMAP diet, which reduces certain carbohydrates that are hard to digest.
Keeping a food diary can help identify personal food triggers like dairy, caffeine, fried foods, or artificial sweeteners.
2. Stress and Mental Health Management
IBS is closely linked to stress and mental health, especially anxiety and depression.
Approaches like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness, yoga, or meditation can help calm the gut-brain connection and reduce symptom flare-ups.
3. Medications
Doctors may prescribe medications based on symptoms:
For constipation (IBS-C): Fiber supplements, laxatives, or medications like lubiprostone or linaclotide.
For diarrhea (IBS-D): Anti-diarrheal drugs like loperamide, bile acid binders, or medications like rifaximin.
For pain and bloating: Antispasmodics, peppermint oil capsules, or low-dose antidepressants may help reduce discomfort.
4. Regular Medical Guidance
Ongoing support from a healthcare provider is important. They can help monitor symptoms, adjust treatments, and ensure nothing more serious is going on.
In some cases, referral to a gastroenterologist or dietitian may be recommended.
Conclusion
IBS is more common than many people think, yet it remains misunderstood. On World IBS Day 2025, let’s take the opportunity to learn, talk, and support those dealing with this challenging condition. By spreading awareness, we can reduce stigma and help people live better, healthier lives.
Article By Dr. Pawan Rawal
Head Unit I
Artemis Hospitals
Frequently Asked Questions About IBS
I’ve been feeling bloated and having stomach issues. Should I be worried about IBS?
It’s always a good idea to consult with a doctor if you’re experiencing persistent stomach discomfort, bloating, or changes in your bowel movements. IBS is common, but early diagnosis helps manage symptoms effectively.
Is IBS contagious? Can I catch it from someone else?
No, IBS is not contagious. It’s a chronic condition that affects your digestive system and cannot be passed on through touch or close contact.
Can stress or lifestyle cause Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Stress and lifestyle choices like diet and lack of exercise can trigger IBS symptoms, but they don't directly cause the condition. IBS may have a genetic component, and triggers vary from person to person.
I live in a smaller city. Do I need to travel to a big hospital for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) treatment?
No, you can find quality care and treatment for IBS in most cities. Many doctors and gastroenterologists offer advanced treatments, and local hospitals are equipped to support you with medications, diet plans, and other resources.
I’m worried about the side effects of IBS medications. Should I be concerned?
It’s natural to have concerns about medication. Many IBS treatments have mild side effects, but your doctor will help you find the best options with minimal risks. Always discuss your concerns with your healthcare provider.
Can I still work or go about my daily activities with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Yes, many people with IBS manage their symptoms and continue their daily routines. Depending on your symptoms, you might need to make a few lifestyle adjustments, but most people return to normal activities after proper treatment.
I’ve been diagnosed with IBS. Should I be worried about more serious conditions like cancer?
While IBS is uncomfortable, it does not increase your risk of cancer. However, if you experience new or unusual symptoms like unexplained weight loss or blood in your stool, always seek medical advice to rule out other conditions.
I’m in my 20s and just started experiencing IBS symptoms. Should I be worried?
IBS can affect people at any age. It’s more common in younger adults, especially during stressful periods or major life changes. Early diagnosis and treatment can help you manage symptoms and improve your quality of life.
I’ve never paid attention to my diet before. Should I change it now that I have IBS?
Yes, your diet plays a major role in managing IBS. It’s important to avoid trigger foods, eat more fiber, and stay hydrated. A nutritionist or dietitian can help you create a meal plan tailored to your needs.
Can alternative treatments like homeopathy or Ayurvedic remedies cure Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
While alternative treatments may help with symptom relief, they cannot cure IBS. It’s important to work with a medical professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Delaying medical treatment may make symptoms worse.
