What is Ovarian Cancer?
Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the ovaries, which are small organs in the female reproductive system. These ovaries are responsible for producing eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone. Now the question is ,How would I even know if something’s wrong in my body? Ovarian cancer is often called a "silent killer" because its symptoms like bloating, abdominal discomfort, or feeling full quickly can easily be mistaken for something minor, like indigestion or stress. That’s why so many cases are caught late, when the disease has already progressed. The key is paying attention to your body and not ignoring persistent changes.
What is World Ovarian Cancer Day?
World Ovarian Cancer Day (WOCD), celebrated on May 8 every year, is a global effort to raise awareness about ovarian cancer. It's a day to come together to talk openly about symptoms, support ongoing research, and stand by those fighting the disease. Most importantly, it's a chance to remind women that their health matters and early action can save lives.
World Ovarian Cancer Day 2025: Theme
While the official theme for 2025 is yet to be announced, past 2024 themes have focused on unity, awareness, and the importance of speaking up about symptoms. “No Woman LeftBehind" a campaign by the World Ovarian Cancer Coalition (WOCC)
History of World Ovarian Cancer Day
World Ovarian Cancer Day was first observed in 2013, initiated by a coalition of global ovarian cancer organizations. One key founder, Target Ovarian Cancer, is the largest ovarian cancer charity, founded in 2008. The day was created to raise awareness, promote early detection, and unite communities. Since its inception, the movement has grown to include over 100 organizations across more than 32 countries. It continues to play a vital role in fighting stigma and supporting women worldwide.
Importance of World Ovarian Cancer Day (WOCD)
Ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest cancers affecting women. Yet many are unaware of its risks and signs. WOCD helps to:
Educate the public about ovarian cancer
Promote early diagnosis
Encourage funding for research
Support patients and survivors
Break the stigma around discussing gynecologic health
Types of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is not a one-size-fits-all disease. There are several different types:
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
The most common type, accounting for about 90% of all cases. It starts in the outer layer of the ovary.
This rare type begins in the cells that form eggs. It usually affects younger women..
Develops in the ovarian tissue that produces hormones. It tends to be diagnosed earlier.
A very rare and aggressive form of ovarian cancer.
Borderline Ovarian Tumors
These are abnormal growths that are not quite cancerous but may become cancer if untreated.
Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer
Now that we know what ovarian cancer is, it’s important to talk about its symptoms because they’re often misunderstood. In many cases, ovarian cancer doesn’t cause strong or obvious symptoms at first. Some people may not even realize anything is wrong because the signs can be mild or feel like normal health issues.
Early signs of Ovarian cancer includes
A swelling-like feeling occurs in the belly which may also result in a loss of appetite or feeling full more quickly.
This may be some time feel harmless as uncomfortable feeling is similar to period cramps but it could also be a result of tumors growing in the pelvis to cause pain in the lower abdomen.
This is continued with diarrhoea, constipation and frequent gas feeling in the stomach.
A frequent or urgent need to urinate
Feeling the urge to pee, but when you try only a little trickle (or even nothing) may come out. This increased urge to urinate occurs when ovarian cancer cells have studded the outside of the bladder wall or when ascites in the pelvis compresses the bladder, causing women to feel like they have to urinate more frequently.
Unexplained pain while having sexual intercourse can be a warning symptom of ovarian cancer
Late-stage ovarian cancer can bring on breathing troubles. As tumors grow large, they may begin to press against the lungs and obstruct a patient’s ability to inhale and exhale
If these symptoms persist for more than two weeks, consult a doctor at Artemis hospital
How is Ovarian Cancer Managed?
Once diagnosed, treatment depends on the type, stage, and overall health of the patient. Common treatments include:
Surgery: Often the first step to remove the tumor or affected ovaries.
Chemotherapy: Powerful drugs used to kill cancer cells.
Hormone Therapy: Blocks hormones that help some cancers grow.
Targeted Therapy: Focuses on specific changes in cancer cells.
Radiation Therapy: Less common but may be used in certain cases.
Each patient's journey is different. A multidisciplinary team helps guide treatment and care.
Prevention of Ovarian Cancer
While you can’t prevent ovarian cancer completely, there are steps to reduce your risk:
Know your family history and talk to your doctor
Use oral contraceptives (birth control pills)
Consider genetic testing if you have a family history of cancer
Maintain a healthy weight
Avoid hormone replacement therapy if possible
Also, regular check-ups and being aware of your body can make a big difference.
Ovarian Cancer Awareness
Ovarian Cancer Awareness Day (May 8th) and Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month (observed in September) play key roles in spreading knowledge. The ovarian cancer awareness ribbon is a color worn with pride by survivors, families, and supporters.Let’s make World Ovarian Cancer Day 2025 a time of hope, strength, and action. Talk about it. Share the facts. Support the fighters. Honor the taken. Never give up.
Article By Dr. Rupinder Sekhon
Chairperson - Gynaecological Oncology
Artemis Hospitals
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the early signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer?
It’s important to take the symptoms of ovarian cancer seriously. Common signs like bloating, pelvic pain, trouble eating, and frequent urination can seem minor at first.But these small changes might be early warnings of something more serious. Paying attention to your body and speaking to a doctor early can make a big difference.
What causes ovarian cancer?
There is no single cause of ovarian cancer ,factors like genetics, age, and hormone levels can increase the risk.
Who is at risk of developing ovarian cancer?
Women over 50, those with a family history, or certain genetic mutations like BRCA1 and BRCA2.
How is ovarian cancer diagnosed?
Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed through a combination of pelvic exams, imaging tests like ultrasounds or CT scans, blood tests, and in some cases, surgery.
Can ovarian cancer be prevented?
Not entirely, but risk can be reduced through lifestyle changes and medical guidance.
Are there any screening tests for ovarian cancer?
Unfortunately, there are no reliable routine screening tests for ovarian cancer yet.
How can women reduce their risk of ovarian cancer?
By staying healthy, knowing family history, and discussing risk-reducing options with a doctor.
What are the treatment options for ovarian cancer?
Surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy.
What is the survival rate for ovarian cancer?
It depends on the stage at diagnosis. Early-stage detection has much better outcomes.
How can ovarian cancer patients manage side effects of treatment?
Through supportive care, nutrition, exercise, mental health support, and open communication with their care team.
