Overview
High cholesterol is often regarded as a "silent threat" due to its typically silent symptoms. Most people remain unaware of their condition as the symptoms are not obvious until they undergo routine blood tests or in case of any heart disease or stroke.
While cholesterol is essential for bodily functions, excessively high levels of LDL cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein) or VLDL cholesterol (very low-density lipoprotein) can contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries. This increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases that can eventually cause fatalities.
Therefore, it is important to spread awareness regarding potential symptoms of high cholesterol, risk factors, complications, and preventive measures to help you maintain heart health. Please note that this blog is for informational purposes only, for more comprehensive information and diagnosis, it is always advised that you consult the doctor.
What Is High Cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a fatty substance found in the blood that plays a vital role in various bodily functions, including hormone production, digestion, and cell membrane formation. Over time, excessive levels can contribute to reduced blood flow, increasing the risk of cardiovascular issues. It can be categorized into different types:
LDL Cholesterol ("Bad" Cholesterol): High levels contribute to plaque buildup in arteries.
HDL Cholesterol ("Good" Cholesterol): Helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
VLDL Cholesterol: Contains the highest amount of triglycerides and is considered harmful when elevated.
Non-HDL Cholesterol: Includes LDL and VLDL cholesterol, both associated with heart disease risk.
How Do I Know If I Have High Cholesterol?
High cholesterol often develops quietly, without immediate signs, making it difficult to detect without medical tests. Over time, subtle changes may occur in the body, affecting circulation and overall well-being. Some individuals might experience discomfort in certain areas, especially after physical exertion, while others may notice unexpected shifts in their energy levels. Here are some potential signs and conditions that may indicate high cholesterol levels:
Fat Deposits Under the Skin (Xanthomas)
Fatty deposits, or xanthomas, may develop under the skin, particularly around the eyes, elbows, knees, and tendons. These yellowish, waxy growths are often seen in individuals with a family history of high cholesterol.
Gray or White Ring Around the Cornea (Arcus Senilis)
A white, gray, or blue ring around the cornea can be a sign of high cholesterol, especially in younger individuals. This condition, known as arcus senilis, is more common in older adults but may indicate lipid disorders in younger patients.
Chest Pain and Shortness of Breath
Plaque buildup in the arteries due to high cholesterol can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart. This can cause angina (chest pain) or shortness of breath, signaling an increased risk of heart disease.
Numbness or Tingling in Limbs
Restricted blood flow due to cholesterol buildup can result in numbness or tingling in the hands and feet. This occurs when plaque narrows or blocks arteries, leading to poor circulation.
High Blood Pressure
Although not a direct symptom, high blood pressure is often associated with high cholesterol. Excess cholesterol can cause arterial stiffness, making it harder for blood to flow efficiently, which increases blood pressure levels.
Stroke or Mini-Stroke (TIA)
High cholesterol increases the risk of stroke due to artery blockages. A transient ischemic attack (TIA) or "mini-stroke" may occur as a warning sign, causing temporary dizziness, weakness, or vision problems.
High Cholesterol Symptoms in Females
In the case of women, prolonged cholesterol imbalances can contribute to issues that impact heart health, sometimes leading to noticeable physical changes. Women often experience different warning signs of cardiovascular issues due to high cholesterol which include:
Fatigue and Weakness: Poor blood circulation may cause unexplained tiredness.
Neck, Jaw, or Upper Back Pain: Women may experience these symptoms instead of typical chest pain.
Cold Hands and Feet: Poor circulation can cause temperature changes in extremities.
Swelling in Lower Limbs: Fluid retention may occur due to restricted blood flow.
What Are The Causes and Risk Factors of High Cholesterol?
Several underlying factors can contribute to an imbalance in the body’s lipid levels. This causes accumulation which affects the overall health of the person. Certain lifestyle choices may encourage an unhealthy buildup over time, while hereditary traits can make some individuals prone to these concerns, regardless of their routine. Factors that contribute to high cholesterol levels include:
Unhealthy Diet: Eating high-cholesterol foods like processed meats, fried foods, and full-fat dairy products.
Lack of Physical Activity: A sedentary lifestyle contributes to weight gain and high cholesterol.
Smoking and Alcohol Consumption: Both negatively impact cholesterol levels and overall heart health.
Genetics: A family history of high cholesterol or heart disease increases risk.
Medical Conditions:Diabetes, hypothyroidism, and kidney disease can elevate cholesterol levels.
How Can I Get My High Cholesterol Diagnosed?
Identifying imbalances in the body's lipid levels requires a thorough investigation by the doctor since there are no obvious signs or symptoms. Doctors recommend specific tests to analyze the levels of certain minerals in the bloodstream.
These tests help determine whether the agents responsible for cholesterol ranges are within a healthy range. Subsequently, if adjustments are needed, regular screening through blood tests is the only way to detect it. The doctor may recommend a lipid panel test to determine the following:
Total Cholesterol
LDL Cholesterol
HDL Cholesterol
Triglycerides
High Cholesterol Treatment Options
Managing imbalanced lipid levels involves a combination of lifestyle modifications to restore and maintain a healthier balance. It is crucial to inculcate heart-healthy habits and a balanced diet that plays a significant role in maintaining your cholesterol levels. These restrictions can help support the body's natural processes, ensuring a more controlled and sustainable outcome.
Lifestyle Modifications
Adopt a Heart-Healthy Diet: It is important to reduce saturated fats, encourage more heart-healthy diets, and increase fiber intake.
Exercise Regularly: Engage in moderate exercise to reduce your risk of heart attack and overall well-being.
Quit Smoking and Reduce Alcohol Consumption: Excessive smoking and alcohol consumption can both improve cholesterol levels and help reduce heart-related issues.
Maintain a Healthy Weight: Losing even 5-10% of body weight can significantly impact cholesterol levels. Obesity is the leading cause of heart attacks which can also lead to death in most individuals.
Medications for High Cholesterol
The doctor may prescribe medicines for individuals where high cholesterol levels cannot be maintained with lifestyle changes or dietary modifications. Here are some medicines prescribed by the doctors:
Statins: To lower LDL cholesterol production.
Ezetimibe: It reduces cholesterol absorption from food.
PCSK9 Inhibitors: Recommended for individuals with genetic high cholesterol.
Fibrates: It helps lower triglycerides and increase HDL cholesterol.
How Can I Prevent High Cholesterol?
Maintaining a healthy balance of lipids in the body requires a proactive approach that focuses on overall well-being. It is important to be mindful of your diet, stay engaged in regular movement, and adopt habits that support heart health. Small, consistent efforts over time can help manage these levels effectively, reducing the likelihood of future complications. Follow these steps:
Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Include healthy fats like omega-3 fatty acids found in fish and nuts.
Engage in regular physical activity to keep cholesterol in check.
Monitor cholesterol levels through routine blood tests.
Routine monitoring and making informed decisions about overall health
Choose Artemis Hospitals For Cholesterol Treatment In Gurgaon
High cholesterol is a silent but serious health concern that can lead to severe complications if left unmanaged. Through a combination of healthy lifestyle choices, diet modifications, and medical treatments, you can maintain optimal cholesterol levels and safeguard your heart health.
At Artemis Hospitals, we provide advanced medical solutions to help regulate and maintain optimal cholesterol levels, reducing the risk of complications. Our team of experienced internal Medicine specialists utilizes state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques to assess individual health needs and design targeted interventions.
For expert care, call us today at +91-124-451-1111 or WhatsApp us at +91-959-928-5476. You can also easily schedule an appointment through our online patient portal or download the Artemis Personal Health Record mobile app, which is available for both iOS and Android devices. Your health is our priority—let us help you take the next step toward healing.
Article By Dr. Amit Kumar Chaurasia
Chief - Cardiology & Interventional Cardiology
Artemis Hospitals
Frequently Asked Questions
Can high cholesterol cause dizziness?
While high cholesterol itself doesn’t cause dizziness, blocked arteries can reduce blood flow to the brain, leading to dizziness or vertigo.
Is high cholesterol genetic?
Yes, familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited condition that results in high LDL cholesterol from an early age.
Are there any early warning signs of high cholesterol?
Most people experience no symptoms. However, xanthomas, arcus senilis, and high blood pressure may indicate high cholesterol.
Can diet alone lower cholesterol?
For many people, a healthy diet can significantly lower cholesterol. However, some may require medication in addition to dietary changes.
How does high cholesterol affect the liver?
High cholesterol can lead to fatty liver disease, causing liver inflammation and increasing the risk of liver damage.
What is the difference between LDL and VLDL cholesterol?
LDL cholesterol is primarily responsible for plaque buildup, while VLDL cholesterol carries more triglycerides and is associated with even greater cardiovascular risk.
How often should I check my cholesterol levels?
Healthy adults should check their cholesterol every 4-6 years, but those with risk factors may need more frequent testing.
